Thyroid disease encompasses a range of disorders that affect the thyroid gland, including hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). These conditions can significantly impact metabolism, energy levels, weight, and overall health. At Elise M. Brett MD PC, located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, Dr. Elise M. Brett provides expert endocrinology care for patients experiencing thyroid dysfunction. Through precise diagnosis, individualized treatment plans, and ongoing monitoring, patients receive the support they need to maintain optimal thyroid health and improve their overall quality of life.
Recognizing the Signs of Thyroid Dysfunction
Early detection of thyroid disorders is essential for effective management. Symptoms may vary depending on whether the thyroid is underactive or overactive, and may include:
- Fatigue and low energy levels
- Unexplained weight gain or loss
- Sensitivity to cold or heat
- Dry skin or hair thinning
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Anxiety, irritability, or mood changes
- Swelling in the neck (goiter)
- Constipation or digestive issues
- Difficulty concentrating or brain fog
- Muscle weakness or joint pain
Why Specialized Thyroid Care is Critical
Thyroid disorders are more than minor hormonal imbalances—they can affect every system in the body. Untreated hypothyroidism can lead to weight gain, depression, cardiovascular disease, and infertility, while hyperthyroidism may result in heart rhythm problems, bone loss, and anxiety. Accurate diagnosis requires careful evaluation of hormone levels, symptoms, and underlying causes, which makes endocrinology expertise essential. Patients benefit from personalized care that addresses both immediate symptoms and long-term health risks. Effective thyroid management can improve energy, mood, weight regulation, and metabolic health. Additionally, ongoing monitoring ensures that treatments remain effective, medications are adjusted as needed, and potential complications are prevented. Comprehensive care empowers patients with the knowledge and strategies necessary to manage their condition successfully.
Step-by-Step Thyroid Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
At Elise M. Brett MD PC, thyroid evaluation and treatment follow a structured, patient-focused approach:
- Comprehensive Medical Assessment: Dr. Brett reviews your personal and family medical history, current symptoms, and previous thyroid test results to identify potential issues.
- Physical Examination: A focused exam evaluates the thyroid gland, heart rate, and other physical signs of thyroid dysfunction.
- Laboratory Testing: Blood tests measure TSH, T3, T4, thyroid antibodies and sometimes additional lab tests to confirm the type and severity of thyroid disease.
- Imaging Studies: Ultrasound or other imaging may be used to assess thyroid size, nodules, or structural abnormalities. Neck ultrasounds are performed in our office by Dr. Brett herself.
- Individualized Treatment Plan: Based on findings, Dr. Brett develops a customized plan that may include hormone replacement therapy, antithyroid medications, referral for radioiodine or referral for surgery.
- Ongoing Monitoring and Adjustment: Regular follow-ups track hormone levels, symptom improvement, and potential side effects to ensure optimal outcomes.
Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy
Thyroid function tests can be more difficult to interpret in a woman who is pregnant and managing thyroid disease in a pregnant woman is more complicated. Dr. Brett has extensive experience managing both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in pregnant women. She will monitor you prior to conception and throughout your pregnancy and determine if or when medication is needed.
Preventing Complications from Thyroid Disease
Preventing complications is a key focus in thyroid disease management. Regular monitoring allows for early detection of hormone imbalances and timely intervention. Adhering to prescribed medications helps maintain stable thyroid function and prevent worsening symptoms. Nutritional support may include adequate intake of iodine and selenium. Managing stress, maintaining a balanced diet, and engaging in consistent physical activity can help naturally regulate hormone levels. Patients should be aware of changes in energy, weight, or mood and report them promptly for adjustments in care. With proactive management, the risks of cardiovascular issues, infertility, bone loss, and severe metabolic disturbances can be minimized.
With proper care, most patients with thyroid disease can lead healthy, active lives. Hypothyroidism can be effectively managed with hormone replacement therapy, while hyperthyroidism often responds well to medication or other targeted interventions. Regular monitoring ensures that treatments remain effective and complications are prevented. Many patients experience significant improvements in energy, mood, metabolism, and overall quality of life once their thyroid function is stabilized. Lifestyle adjustments, such as diet optimization and stress management, complement medical treatments for better outcomes. Patients benefit from ongoing education and support, empowering them to maintain consistent care and monitor symptoms proactively.
Frequently Asked Questions About Thyroid Disease
1. Can thyroid disease affect weight?
Yes, hypothyroidism often causes weight gain, while hyperthyroidism can lead to weight loss. Managing thyroid levels helps stabilize weight and metabolism.
2. How is thyroid disease diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves blood tests to measure TSH, T3, and T4, and, sometimes, antibodies, along with a physical exam and imaging if necessary.
3. Can thyroid disorders be cured?
Some thyroid disorders, such as hypothyroidism, can be managed long-term with medication, while certain hyperthyroid conditions may be treated successfully with medication or procedures. Complete “cure” depends on the underlying cause.
4. Are there lifestyle changes that help with thyroid health?
Balanced nutrition, regular exercise, and stress management may support overall thyroid function but do not cure thyroid disease.
5. How often should thyroid levels be monitored?
Monitoring frequency depends on the type and severity of thyroid disease. Most patients initially require blood tests every few months, with annual checks once stabilized.
6. Does Dr. Brett prescribe T3 hormone?
Low dose T3 hormone is prescribed to some patients in combination with T4 hormone when deemed safe for that individual patient and based on patient preference.
Take Control of Your Thyroid Health
Thyroid dysfunction can affect nearly every aspect of your health, from metabolism and weight to energy and mood. At Elise M. Brett MD PC, Dr. Elise M. Brett provides comprehensive evaluations and personalized treatment plans to help patients effectively manage hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and other thyroid conditions.
If you are experiencing symptoms of thyroid disease or have concerns about your hormone levels, scheduling a consultation with Dr. Brett is the first step toward improved health. Receive expert guidance, individualized care, and ongoing support to optimize thyroid function and enhance overall well-being.